Forums
New posts
Search forums
What's new
New posts
New media
New media comments
Latest activity
Classifieds
Media
New media
New comments
Search media
Log in
Register
What's New?
Search
Search
Search titles only
By:
New posts
Search forums
Menu
Log in
Register
Navigation
Install the app
Install
More Options
Advertise with us
Contact Us
Close Menu
JavaScript is disabled. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding.
You are using an out of date browser. It may not display this or other websites correctly.
You should upgrade or use an
alternative browser
.
Forums
The Water Cooler
General Discussion
CDC admits death toll is inflated! Of 161,392 deaths ONLY 6% / 9,683 ARE DIRECTLY CAUSED BY COVID.
Search titles only
By:
Reply to Thread
This site may earn a commission from merchant affiliate links, including eBay, Amazon, and others.
Message
<blockquote data-quote="_CY_" data-source="post: 3428636" data-attributes="member: 7629"><p>This next part if true has HUGE implications. </p><p><a href="https://www.redstate.com/michael_thau/2020/09/24/watch-trumps-new-covid-explain-covid-science-to-room-of-people-who-majored-in-journalism-at-breifing/" target="_blank">https://www.redstate.com/michael_thau/2020/09/24/watch-trumps-new-covid-explain-covid-science-to-room-of-people-who-majored-in-journalism-at-breifing/</a></p><p></p><p>2003 SARS outbreak wasn’t much of an outbreak. It only infected around 8000 people worldwide (and killed less than 800). That comes to only around 0.0001% of the world’s population infected.</p><p></p><p>So if we only had crossover T-cell immunity to COVID-19 from SARS-CoV-1, while scientifically interesting, it wouldn’t have much practical import.</p><p></p><p>But it turns out that common cold coronaviruses that pretty much everyone has had can also provide T-cell immunity to COVID-19. In fact, the research shows that around half of us were likely immune to COVID-19 even before the virus that’s supposed to cause it ever existed!</p><p></p><p><a href="https://twitter.com/JamesTodaroMD?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1292873241003003904%7Ctwgr%5Eshare_3&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.redstate.com%2Fmichael_thau%2F2020%2F09%2F24%2Fwatch-trumps-new-covid-explain-covid-science-to-room-of-people-who-majored-in-journalism-at-breifing%2F" target="_blank"><img src="https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1042451482803675136/1AILlGY-_bigger.jpg" alt="" class="fr-fic fr-dii fr-draggable " style="" /></a></p><p><a href="https://twitter.com/JamesTodaroMD?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1292873241003003904%7Ctwgr%5Eshare_3&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.redstate.com%2Fmichael_thau%2F2020%2F09%2F24%2Fwatch-trumps-new-covid-explain-covid-science-to-room-of-people-who-majored-in-journalism-at-breifing%2F" target="_blank">[URL='https://twitter.com/JamesTodaroMD?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1292873241003003904%7Ctwgr%5Eshare_3&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.redstate.com%2Fmichael_thau%2F2020%2F09%2F24%2Fwatch-trumps-new-covid-explain-covid-science-to-room-of-people-who-majored-in-journalism-at-breifing%2F']James Todaro, MD</a></p><p>@JamesTodaroMD[/URL]</p><p><a href="https://twitter.com/JamesTodaroMD/status/1292873239916695558?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1292873241003003904%7Ctwgr%5Eshare_3&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.redstate.com%2Fmichael_thau%2F2020%2F09%2F24%2Fwatch-trumps-new-covid-explain-covid-science-to-room-of-people-who-majored-in-journalism-at-breifing%2F" target="_blank">Replying to @JamesTodaroMD</a></p><p>5/ In the same study, in 37 persons with no history of SARS or COVID-19 (negative serology and/or samples taken before COVID-19), over 50% had SARS-CoV-2 specific T cells. This is not surprising because there are at least 4 strains of coronaviruses that cause the "common cold".</p><p><a href="https://twitter.com/JamesTodaroMD/status/1292873241003003904?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1292873241003003904%7Ctwgr%5Eshare_3&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.redstate.com%2Fmichael_thau%2F2020%2F09%2F24%2Fwatch-trumps-new-covid-explain-covid-science-to-room-of-people-who-majored-in-journalism-at-breifing%2F" target="_blank">12:19 PM · Aug 10, 2020</a></p><p></p><p><span style="font-size: 22px"><strong>Presence of SARS-CoV-2 reactive T cells in COVID-19 patients and healthy donors</strong></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 22px"><strong><a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.17.20061440v1" target="_blank">https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.17.20061440v1</a></strong></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 22px"></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 22px"><strong><a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.17.20061440v1.full.pdf" target="_blank">https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.17.20061440v1.full.pdf</a></strong></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 22px"></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 22px"><strong><span style="font-size: 18px"><strong>Abstract</strong></span></strong></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 22px"><strong>The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a rapidly unfolding pandemic, overwhelming health care systems worldwide1. Clinical manifestations of Corona-virus-disease 2019 (COVID-19) vary broadly, ranging from asymptomatic infection to acute respiratory failure and death2, yet the underlying physiological conditions and mechanisms for this high variability are still unknown. Also, the role of host immune responses in viral clearance and its involvement in pathogenesis remains unresolved. For SARS-CoV (2002/03), however, CD4+ T cell responses are generally associated with positive outcomes3,4, while cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 have not yet been investigated. Here we describe an assay that allows direct detection and characterization of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (S)-reactive CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood. We demonstrate the presence of S-reactive CD4+ T cells in 83% of COVID-19 patients, as well as in 34% of SARS-CoV-2 seronegative healthy donors, albeit at lower frequencies. Strikingly, in COVID-19 patients S-reactive CD4+ T cells equally targeted both N-terminal and C-terminal parts of S whereas in healthy donors S-reactive CD4+ T cells reacted almost exclusively to the Cterminal part that is a) characterized by higher homology to spike glycoprotein of human endemic "common cold" coronaviruses, and b) contains the S2 subunit of S with the cytoplasmic peptide (CP), the fusion peptide (FP), and the transmembrane domain (TM) but not the receptor-binding domain (RBD). S-reactive CD4+ T cells from COVID-19 patients were further distinct to those from healthy donors as they co-expressed higher levels of CD38 and HLA-DR, indicating their recent in vivo activation. Our study is the first to directly measure SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cell responses providing critical tools for large scale testing, in depth epitope mapping and characterization of potential cross-reactive cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2. The presence of pre-existing SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells in healthy donors is of high interest but larger scale prospective cohort studies are needed to assess whether their presence is a correlate of protection or pathology. Results of such studies will be key for a mechanistic understanding of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, adaptation of containment methods and to support vaccine development.</strong></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 22px"><strong></strong></span></p><p></p><p><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/like?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1292873241003003904%7Ctwgr%5Eshare_3&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.redstate.com%2Fmichael_thau%2F2020%2F09%2F24%2Fwatch-trumps-new-covid-explain-covid-science-to-room-of-people-who-majored-in-journalism-at-breifing%2F&tweet_id=1292873241003003904" target="_blank">https://twitter.com/intent/like?ref_src=twsrc^tfw|twcamp^tweetembed|twterm^1292873241003003904|twgr^share_3&ref_url=https://www.redstate.com/michael_thau/2020/09/24/watch-trumps-new-covid-explain-covid-science-to-room-of-people-who-majored-in-journalism-at-breifing/&tweet_id=1292873241003003904</a></p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="_CY_, post: 3428636, member: 7629"] This next part if true has HUGE implications. [URL]https://www.redstate.com/michael_thau/2020/09/24/watch-trumps-new-covid-explain-covid-science-to-room-of-people-who-majored-in-journalism-at-breifing/[/URL] 2003 SARS outbreak wasn’t much of an outbreak. It only infected around 8000 people worldwide (and killed less than 800). That comes to only around 0.0001% of the world’s population infected. So if we only had crossover T-cell immunity to COVID-19 from SARS-CoV-1, while scientifically interesting, it wouldn’t have much practical import. But it turns out that common cold coronaviruses that pretty much everyone has had can also provide T-cell immunity to COVID-19. In fact, the research shows that around half of us were likely immune to COVID-19 even before the virus that’s supposed to cause it ever existed! [URL='https://twitter.com/JamesTodaroMD?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1292873241003003904%7Ctwgr%5Eshare_3&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.redstate.com%2Fmichael_thau%2F2020%2F09%2F24%2Fwatch-trumps-new-covid-explain-covid-science-to-room-of-people-who-majored-in-journalism-at-breifing%2F'][IMG]https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1042451482803675136/1AILlGY-_bigger.jpg[/IMG] [URL='https://twitter.com/JamesTodaroMD?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1292873241003003904%7Ctwgr%5Eshare_3&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.redstate.com%2Fmichael_thau%2F2020%2F09%2F24%2Fwatch-trumps-new-covid-explain-covid-science-to-room-of-people-who-majored-in-journalism-at-breifing%2F']James Todaro, MD[/URL] @JamesTodaroMD[/URL] [URL='https://twitter.com/JamesTodaroMD/status/1292873239916695558?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1292873241003003904%7Ctwgr%5Eshare_3&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.redstate.com%2Fmichael_thau%2F2020%2F09%2F24%2Fwatch-trumps-new-covid-explain-covid-science-to-room-of-people-who-majored-in-journalism-at-breifing%2F']Replying to @JamesTodaroMD[/URL] 5/ In the same study, in 37 persons with no history of SARS or COVID-19 (negative serology and/or samples taken before COVID-19), over 50% had SARS-CoV-2 specific T cells. This is not surprising because there are at least 4 strains of coronaviruses that cause the "common cold". [URL='https://twitter.com/JamesTodaroMD/status/1292873241003003904?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1292873241003003904%7Ctwgr%5Eshare_3&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.redstate.com%2Fmichael_thau%2F2020%2F09%2F24%2Fwatch-trumps-new-covid-explain-covid-science-to-room-of-people-who-majored-in-journalism-at-breifing%2F']12:19 PM · Aug 10, 2020[/URL] [SIZE=6][B]Presence of SARS-CoV-2 reactive T cells in COVID-19 patients and healthy donors[/B] [B][URL]https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.17.20061440v1[/URL][/B] [B][/B] [B][URL]https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.17.20061440v1.full.pdf[/URL][/B] [B][/B] [B][SIZE=5][B]Abstract[/B][/SIZE] The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a rapidly unfolding pandemic, overwhelming health care systems worldwide1. Clinical manifestations of Corona-virus-disease 2019 (COVID-19) vary broadly, ranging from asymptomatic infection to acute respiratory failure and death2, yet the underlying physiological conditions and mechanisms for this high variability are still unknown. Also, the role of host immune responses in viral clearance and its involvement in pathogenesis remains unresolved. For SARS-CoV (2002/03), however, CD4+ T cell responses are generally associated with positive outcomes3,4, while cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 have not yet been investigated. Here we describe an assay that allows direct detection and characterization of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (S)-reactive CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood. We demonstrate the presence of S-reactive CD4+ T cells in 83% of COVID-19 patients, as well as in 34% of SARS-CoV-2 seronegative healthy donors, albeit at lower frequencies. Strikingly, in COVID-19 patients S-reactive CD4+ T cells equally targeted both N-terminal and C-terminal parts of S whereas in healthy donors S-reactive CD4+ T cells reacted almost exclusively to the Cterminal part that is a) characterized by higher homology to spike glycoprotein of human endemic "common cold" coronaviruses, and b) contains the S2 subunit of S with the cytoplasmic peptide (CP), the fusion peptide (FP), and the transmembrane domain (TM) but not the receptor-binding domain (RBD). S-reactive CD4+ T cells from COVID-19 patients were further distinct to those from healthy donors as they co-expressed higher levels of CD38 and HLA-DR, indicating their recent in vivo activation. Our study is the first to directly measure SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cell responses providing critical tools for large scale testing, in depth epitope mapping and characterization of potential cross-reactive cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2. The presence of pre-existing SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells in healthy donors is of high interest but larger scale prospective cohort studies are needed to assess whether their presence is a correlate of protection or pathology. Results of such studies will be key for a mechanistic understanding of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, adaptation of containment methods and to support vaccine development. [/B][/SIZE] [URL='https://twitter.com/intent/like?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1292873241003003904%7Ctwgr%5Eshare_3&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.redstate.com%2Fmichael_thau%2F2020%2F09%2F24%2Fwatch-trumps-new-covid-explain-covid-science-to-room-of-people-who-majored-in-journalism-at-breifing%2F&tweet_id=1292873241003003904'][/URL] [/QUOTE]
Insert Quotes…
Verification
Post Reply
Forums
The Water Cooler
General Discussion
CDC admits death toll is inflated! Of 161,392 deaths ONLY 6% / 9,683 ARE DIRECTLY CAUSED BY COVID.
Search titles only
By:
Top
Bottom