With regards to the resiliency of the Earth, the link below shows the recovery of the area around Mount Saint Helens over the years since 1980 and its eruption. The image at the top of the story is an interactive one, in that one can click on the "buttons" below the image to see the changes over the years. Give each button a bit of time to show the change. Or, one can click on "Show All" below the image and all the images will display vertically.
While humans will damage their environment, the Earth has the ability to reconstruct itself. In fact, I'd guess that the Earth can reclaim itself faster with human damage than with natural events like an eruption.
World of Change: Devastation and Recover at Mount St. Helens
Absolutely.
If you've ever been to Hawaii and seen how lush it is, you almost forget it was all molten magma at its birth.