Martini Henry

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TheDoubleD

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I have been loading and shooting Martini's for over 20 years. I have used Martini's for hunting and Target shooting with the Victoria Riflemen of the https://www.tapatalk.com/groups/britishmilitariaforums/ . I know the Martini system very well.

Lets start by stating with these guns the devil is in the details. There are many different Martini's forms. I could write for a week about that, but referencing the OP's gun there is no such thing as a MK 4. There is a distinct difference between 4 and IV. They sound alike but are spelled different.

This may seem a petty point but during the war in Afghanistan the Khyber Pass firearms industry was watching the Martini discussions boards. When we pointed out a feature to ID a counterfeit gun, the Khyber Pass guys changed it. When we ID'd a rare or uncommon feature they copied it.

So where I am going with this is, if you say you gun is MK 4, knowledgeable buys will think you are trying to sell a Khyber Pass counterfeit. Value top $400. You would have a hard time selling it.

Look at the gun and see if it says Mk IV on it. When you describe it, when you try to sell it, say what it says, not what it sounds like. This is antique gun, not a modern used gun. Features and details are important.

In the Mark IV guns there are three different patterns. There are two books on Martini Henry's specifically. The two authors Identify these three patterns-differently.

When you try to sell you gun you need pictures. Good sharp clear close pictures. So the discerning collector can id the pattern.

You need one picture straight on sideways showing gun full length.

Take one of any markings on the barrel near the breech and one of the markings on the right side of the action. These need to be clear sharp close pictures.

You need a picture of the Nocks form. The nock's form is the flat sided area of the breech end of the barrel where it screws into the barrel. The shape and size of this is one the indicators of what pattern the gun is.

Take a picture of the rear sight and its markings. The counterfeiters have real problems numbers on these sights. Some argue that the rear sight has some bearing in which pattern the gun is.

Front sights. Good sharp clear close side one and top down of the front sight. This is one of the big indicators of pattern.

I suggest you post your pictures on the Martini forum and get this gun correctly identified. You can say you need it identified so you can sell it on. https://www.tapatalk.com/groups/britishmilitariaforums/martini-henry-forum-f1/ Certian patterns

Say in your post once you have it identified you will list it in the Yard sale forum Be sure to read the rules before posting in Yard Sale.. https://www.tapatalk.com/groups/britishmilitariaforums/the-yard-sale-f20/ . Don't be surprised if you get inquiry before selling, or no inquiry at all.

Once you have it correctly ID"d, use that corrected pattern ID in you Gunbroker ad.

I feel $700-to $900 is not unrealistic for a Mk IV.

Okay now comments on what others have posted.

WOW is that ammo expensive. But the do make an adapter https://www.theshootersbox.com/577450-Martini-Henry-to-45ACP-Caliber-Adapter_p_35361.html if it works would make it a pretty cool gun to own and shoot.
I use to say using an adapter in the Martini was like kissing your sister or showering wearing a raincoat while showering. It's just not real.

As get older I have become kinder and gentler-(but nobody has called me nice. :) )

The Martini was created in the early days of the breech loading rifle. Martini Cartridges had a steel head and brass foil body. They were more akin to a shotgun shell, than the modern brass cartridge. The also were made before the age of standardization. The only part of the Martini chamber that is uniform is the head and mouth. Shoulder length and diameter are variable. The shoulder its self is an ogive, also with varying radius.

Eley and Kynoch standardized the dimensions in early 1900's, 25-30 years after most Martini's were made. CIP standardize the chamber in the 1970's. 100 years after most Martini's were made.

The problem with standardization is that the dimensions are for solid brass cartridges, not foil cases.

RCBS made their high dollar, top quality customs dies to CIP standards and brass formed in the dies will fit 60%-70% of Martini chambers. About 20 years ago Lee and CH-4D were talked into making a smaller body sizing die. Brass formed in the Lee and special CH4D dies will fit 99.9% of Martini chambers.

So the adapter guys saw a potential market. They started making chamber adapters. Two problems. First they made the adapter to CIP specs. The Adapter would stick in the chamber at the shoulder. Over the years when I still did gunsmithing I have extracted a number of these stuck adapters. It been a while since I have seen or heard of one sticking. I suspect the adapter makes wised up and made a tighter adapter to accommodate the varying dimension of the Martini chamber.

The other problem is at the other end of the adapter. The bore of the Martini is tapered Henry rifled. The throat diameter of the Martin Henry chamber is .468 to .472 diameter. The throat tapers for 8 inches from the breech before it gets to the cylindrical bore. The henry rifling at the cylinder bore is .450, the groove is .464.

I could write for day about the issues with this. All I will say is that is complicated and no where as simple as i wrote. I shoot a .468 and .472 bullet grease groove bullet in my rifles.


I've heard that and it makes sense with it being 45 ACP. I've used the 45 colt adapter and only had problems with one of them and it was no surprise. It had massive amounts of chatter from machining. The other two adapters have had hundreds of rounds thru them with no problems other than getting dirty. Maybe I just got lucky with them.
Yep, lucky.

Ahall writes with knowledge.

Read what he writes.
Before jumping into the world of Martin Henry you need to understand a few things.

1) 577/450 dates to the early days of metallic cartridges, and went through a lot of changes, including changes to the chamber dimensions. Machine work and precision measurement also were not what they are today, so adaptors are going to be hit and miss on fit. If you expect an adaptor to anything more than let the gun go bang as a novelty, you may be disappointed.

Well said, very well said. Sounds nicer than what I said about kissing your sister.

2) The English and Americans disagree on how to measure caliber - we chose the major dimension of the grooves, they like the minor dimensions of the lands (there 303 shoots a .311 projectile, but our 308 shoots a .308),
Bottom line, a 577/450 shots a projectile significantly larger than the 0.452 to 0.454 you push out of a 45-caliber pistol round. Sure, it goes bang, but engaging the rifling is going to be minimal. If you use dead soft lead it might obtrude enough to engage.

Well I wouldn't say they disagree, more that they do it different. The English use bore measurements. We tend use groove measurements. A study of the Henty rifling will make your head spin. Tapered long bore-throat, flats and peaks with major and minor diameters. Center of flats same diameter as the peaks. Corners of flat larger than flats. FWIW Henry rifling is known to work better with hard bullets. The LoC bullet has the same hardness as wheel weight. So, do you cast a soft bullet the same size as the minor diameter, same as the bore-.450 and allow obturation in that 8 inch tapered throat to seal the bore? Read Dr. Mann's the Flight of the Bullet for discussion on that. Or do you use a hard bullet throat diameter that is swage from .467-.472 throat diameter to .464 major dimeter/.450 minor diameter passing up the 8 inch taper bore to the cylinder sectionon firing? I have been using .468 wheel weight grease bullets for years with good results. (Good results in a MH are different than good results in a Remington 700 VLS)

Some rifles chambered for 577/450 will engage the .458 diameter projectile used in a 45/70 (The Alexander Henry pattern Australian contract rifles made by Westley Richards are about .458, but that's because they were converted to use the 577/450). If you want it to perform, plan on a casting your own lead, learning about paper patching and all kinds of other fun stuff and you plan to roll your own for the old warhorse.

Absolutely perfect advice from Ahall.

3) If you want to reload it, get ready - the 577/450 case has roughly the same head and body diameter for a 577 nitro express. Thats too big for a 7/8 - 14 thread on the reloading die. Lee made dies with the same body diameter as the threaded insert for some RCBS presses. Others have made dies in other thread sizes and pitches. Bottom line is the reloading dies don't fit in many presses.

4) Ok you read this far, so you're willing to think about reloading the old fat boy. Brass - limited commercial availability and expensive. A few folks have worked out how to reform 28 ga Magtech full brass shotgun shells into 577/450. I have seen it for sale on the British Military Forums.

Get Lee dies. They are made to resize brass to fit the non standard Martini chamber. You need a press with a removeable top insert to fit the larger dies.

You can indeed form .577/.450 Martini brass from 24 gauge Mag shotgun brass. I have done it. I had a set of form dies. It's frustrating. You are money ahead to buy direct form Martyn at X-ring services. https://www.tapatalk.com/groups/bri...m-h-and-577-snider-unprimed-cases-t16005.html

5) Now you have brass - what's the load data? I have never seen anything on a smokeless load that I trusted. When I looked into it, folks load with black powder, and those who used Mag Tec cases had issues with excess case volumes. Thats right - the mag tec case has more internal capacity than the original foil cases and the general wisdom with black powder is to lightly compress the charge. No air space.

This first of all is a blackpowder cartridge. There is a safe way to load smokeless. It is an advanced technique. I am not going to go into it here. I have already typed to much. But can be safely done. You can also use the blackpowder substitutes, but they have their issues also.

The basic starting load for the Martini is 80 grains of FG powder, and a 480 grain lead bullet. The original load used a paper patch bullet of 1-12 hardness. You can use a grease groove bullet also.

80 grains will leave an airspace in the cartridge. Some say that airspace is a myth or old wives tale. It is not. It is definitely a serious concern. However there is more to it than just that. The airspace must be in the form of a cylinder. Paul Vielle discovered while developing smokeless powder that an air space in the form of a cylinder will set up a pressure wave that impacts at one end of the cylinder-bullet base and causes problem when the charge is fired. Another subject for a long an interesting discussion.

The practice is to use some sort of filler. The British used sheep's wool. In more modern times the practice is to use sheep's wool, kapok, dacron, and foam filler rod. Cereal grains such as cream of wheat or shotgun filler shoulder should be avoided as they are incompressible solids. The Martini case is is a bottle neck and the filler in the .577 diameter powder chamber is forced-extruded out the .470 diameter neck when fired. It stretches necks. It also raises pressure a bit.

Current practice for many is to use 5/16" foam filler rod inserted in the case and slightly compressed about .100.

Compressed load. Black powder sometimes works better in straight cases if it is slightly compressed. It is difficult to compress a load in a .577 diameter cartridge chamber through a .470 diameter case neck. With filler rods there is some compression.


It's a challenge to make ammo for the old warhorses to shoot, but you will probably be the only one at the range doing it.

Having done all the work to shoot one, including reforming the mag tec brass, I will say that I don't find the recoil uncomfortable, but the grip is awkward. Other designs of the era are more comfortable to hold.

Boy is Ahall right.

Except for the reforming Mag tech brass this a very interesting hobby. I gave that up years ago. If i need brass I buy it from Martyn at X-ring Services.

If you have an interest in the Martini I invite you https://www.tapatalk.com/groups/britishmilitariaforums/


AHall, are you going to Springtown in September?
 
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TheDoubleD

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Hello guys. Looking for some input here.
I'm thinking of selling a mk 4 martini henry made by Enfield to raise some cash. It is one of the Nepal cache ones from IMA I got several years ago. Functions perfectly but looks a little rough on the outside (80% blue/ patina, solid stock with minor damage, clean bore with no visible pits or rust) I see them on gun broker selling for all over the place, so in your opinion, what is the current going rate on these locally? Thanks for the feedback!!

In my very long previous thread I forgot one very important point.

Josh said he got his Mk IV from IMA. These guns were brought in from Nepal in the 2000's. They are very much real. no fakes or counterfeits.

I have visited the IMA warehouse a number times. I have seen thousands and handle hundreds of these gun. Most are/were in pretty nice shape. Not all of course. Some had rough exteriors, mostly the MK II's, some MK IV's. . I never saw one with a bad bore however.
 

TheDoubleD

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Not planning to go to Springtown.
Have to deal with a job and raising a family.

Perhaps in 15 years or so I can retire and play a little more.
Until then financial embarrassment forces me to hunt a paycheck.
Been there done that, the wait is worth the time.

In 15 years you can pick me up at the rest home and take me with you.
 

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