There isn't 5 dollars of material or science in any single pair. It's all profit. (think it was adidas?)
So this is somewhat of a niche of mine given my interest in athletics (track & field), running and triathlon. The raw cost is actually around $15 for a cheaper shoe, $30 for a premium but it's NOT all profit when you consider shipping, retail costs like salary and overhead, and wholesale expenses down the supply chain.
It's about the same for the major, international premium brands like Nike, Adidas, Asics, and later Puma. I am sure New Balance, Brooks, Saucony, Under Armor, Mizuno, and others are similar.