3) 338 Lapua - that's a bad mofo. Honest replacement for 45-70: same recoil, same bullet weight - but shoves it WAAAAAAAY out there. It's not really in competition with "medium bore" rifles - it creates a bridge to heavy machine gun cartridges. The only thing I can say - how often do you need 1000ft/lb at 1500 yards - just call in the air strike
Is this, or is this not admitting advancement? You said yourself that its a cartridge that takes everything awesome about the .45-70 and makes it possible at 1500 yds, never before possible. I'd say thats one hell of an advancement.