Bullet lengths of the same weight are not seated to the same depth. Talking rifle here. Bullets with a high BC like Barnes TTSX, Bergers, etc in .308 diameter designed for long range are much longer than say a Sierra 165 grain BTHP.
If you shove it into a case with a max load for the standard bullet you've been shooting your going to generate higher pressures. These bullets are seated further out by necessity. They do have to fit into a magazine, or mag well. Backing off the max load and working back up is required for safety.
Exactly the same with pistols, you're just working with a whole lot less pressure.